India Expanding of India’s Social Security Net India has made significant strides in expanding its social security net, ensuring that a larger segment of the population benefits from welfare programs. Social security in India is primarily delivered through government initiatives, employer-based benefits, and social insurance programs. Key laws governing social security include the Employees’ Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952, and the Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948. Recent expansions include extending benefits to gig and platform workers, enhancing digital and financial inclusion through the Jan Dhan-Aadhaar-Mobile (JAM) Trinity, and improving healthcare access for informal workers. However, challenges persist, such as low coverage in the unorganized sector, lack of awareness, and funding bottlenecks. India Losing 3% of GDP Annually Due to Road Accidents India loses approximately 3% of its GDP annually due to road accidents, which result in significant economic and human costs. In 2022, there were 461,312 road accidents, causing 443,366 injuries and 168,491 fatalities. Overspeeding is the leading cause of accidents, responsible for 72.3% of incidents and 71.2% of deaths. The government has initiated several measures to address this issue, including the National Road Safety Policy, electronic accident reporting systems, and enhanced penalties for traffic violations. Global best practices suggest adopting a systems approach to reduce fatalities by 50% by 2030. Call for Changing Collegium System There is a growing call for reforming the Collegium system used for judicial appointments in India. The Collegium, comprising senior judges, recommends appointments to the Supreme Court and High Courts. Critics argue that the system lacks transparency and accountability, with no prescribed eligibility criteria or public records of decisions. The National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC), proposed as an alternative, was struck down by the Supreme Court in 2015. Reforms aimed at enhancing transparency and inclusivity are being discussed to address these concerns. Transgenic Organisms Transgenic organisms are genetically modified to introduce foreign DNA sequences, often used in research and agriculture. These organisms have applications in disease modeling, bioremediation, and the production of therapeutic proteins. However, ethical concerns and potential environmental impacts are significant challenges. Transgenic mice are commonly used in medical research to study genetic processes and model human diseases. Despite their utility, there are debates about animal welfare and the morality of genetic modification. Parliament Passes Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill 2024 The Parliament has passed the Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill 2024, which updates the Disaster Management Act, 2005. The Bill empowers the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) to prepare disaster management plans and create a national disaster database. It also establishes Urban Disaster Management Authorities and State Disaster Response Forces. Concerns have been raised about potential centralization of power and undermining state autonomy. However, the government argues that these amendments are necessary to address emerging climate-related disasters effectively. Third Battle of Panipat The Third Battle of Panipat, fought in 1761, was a pivotal event in Indian history, marking a significant defeat for the Maratha Empire. Despite initial successes, the Marathas were ultimately overwhelmed by the Afghan and Rohilla forces. The battle halted Maratha expansion for nearly a decade but did not permanently weaken their influence. The Third Battle of Panipat is remembered for its bravery and strategic importance, with ongoing discussions about its historical impact on Indian politics and society. Vikramshila University Efforts are underway to revive Vikramshila University, a historical center of Buddhist learning in Bihar. Founded in the late 8th to early 9th century AD, Vikramshila was renowned for Tantric studies and played a significant role in the spread of Buddhism. Reviving such institutions can enhance cultural heritage and promote educational excellence, drawing from India’s rich historical legacy. BHIM 3.0 & Sahyog Portal The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) has launched BHIM 3.0, an updated version of the Bharat Interface for Money (BHIM) digital payment platform. BHIM 3.0 offers enhanced features like expanded language support, optimized performance in low internet areas, and advanced money management tools. The Sahyog Portal, also launched, aims to facilitate collaboration between government agencies and private entities for digital payments and financial inclusion. Boilers Bill, 2024 The Parliament has passed the Boilers Bill, 2024, which replaces the century-old Boilers Act, 1923. The new legislation aims to ensure safety from boiler explosions by mandating qualified personnel for repairs and emphasizing worker safety. It simplifies regulations, preserves state powers, and introduces criminal penalties for major safety violations. The Bill is designed to modernize boiler safety standards and support ease of business by decriminalizing minor offenses. Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) have achieved a record profit of ₹7,571 crore in FY 2023-24, reflecting improved financial health. RRBs play a crucial role in developing rural economies by providing banking services to small farmers and artisans. They operate under a tripartite ownership model involving the central government, state government, and sponsoring banks. RRBs have been consolidated to enhance efficiency and are regulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Gold Monetisation Scheme The Ministry of Finance has decided to discontinue the Medium Term and Long Term Government Deposit components of the Gold Monetisation Scheme effective from March 26, 2025. The scheme, launched in 2015, aimed to mobilize gold held by households and reduce India’s reliance on gold imports. The discontinuation reflects a shift in economic priorities and a reevaluation of the scheme’s effectiveness in achieving its objectives. Disaster Relief Funds The Union Home Minister has emphasized that disaster relief funds should not be used for freebies by states. The State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF) is the primary fund for state governments to respond to disasters, with the central government contributing significantly to its allocation. The National Disaster Response Fund (NDRF) supplements the SDRF in cases of severe disasters, ensuring adequate financial support for disaster management. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Washing AI washing refers to the practice of exaggerating the use of artificial intelligence in products or services. This can lead to overpayment for technology and failure to meet operational objectives. Concerns about AI washing highlight the need for transparency and authenticity in AI applications. AI washing […]
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